healthy brain tissue  (OriGene)

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: The Study of Chromobox Protein Homolog 4 in 3D Organoid Models of Colon Cancer as a Potential Predictive Marker

doi: 10.3390/ijms26157385

Figure Lengend Snippet: CBX family genes expression in colon cancer. ( A ) CBX expression level by qRT-PCR in three colon cancer cell lines (CACO-2, SW480, and HCT 116) compared to a normal colon cell line (NMC 460D). ( B ) CBX gene expression level in a colon cancer cDNA RT-qPCR array consisting of tumor ( N = 40) and normal samples ( N = 8). ( C ) Expression analysis of CBX family genes of colon tumor in UALCAN dataset (Normal = 41, Primary Tumor = 286). The star symbol indicates statistical significance (**: p ≤ 0.01, ***: p ≤ 0.001, ****: p ≤ 0.0001).

Article Snippet: Human TissueScan Colon Cancer Tissue qPCR Panel IV (HCRT304), containing first-strand cDNA from 48 samples covering 8-normal, 5-Stage I, 8-IIA, 1-II, 1-IIIA, 6-IIIB, 3-IIIC, 6-III, and 10-IV patients, was purchased from Origene (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Gene Expression

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: The Study of Chromobox Protein Homolog 4 in 3D Organoid Models of Colon Cancer as a Potential Predictive Marker

doi: 10.3390/ijms26157385

Figure Lengend Snippet: Association between CBX4 expression levels and clinical stage and grade of CRC patients. ( A ) CBX4 expression analyses performed using the UALCAN dataset with relative statistical comparison among groups. ( B ) CBX4 expression analyses in a colon cancer cDNA RT-qPCR array consisting of tumor ( n = 40) and normal samples ( n = 8) stratifying patients according to stage and grade. The star symbol indicates statistical significance (**: p ≤ 0.01).

Article Snippet: Human TissueScan Colon Cancer Tissue qPCR Panel IV (HCRT304), containing first-strand cDNA from 48 samples covering 8-normal, 5-Stage I, 8-IIA, 1-II, 1-IIIA, 6-IIIB, 3-IIIC, 6-III, and 10-IV patients, was purchased from Origene (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Comparison, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: The Study of Chromobox Protein Homolog 4 in 3D Organoid Models of Colon Cancer as a Potential Predictive Marker

doi: 10.3390/ijms26157385

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization of CBX4 in CRC organoids. ( A ) Representative images of ex vivo PDO culture obtained from colorectal cancer biopsies are reported. Scale bar: 10 µm. ( B ) Real-time qPCR analysis of CBX4 in two groups of PDOs: the first one derived from healthy tissues (CNT) and the second one derived from tumor tissues (Tumor). Results were normalized to RPS18 mRNA and analyzed by 2 −ΔΔCt method. ( C ) Analysis of the knockdown efficiency of siCBX4 assessed by RT-PCR in PDOs after 72 h. ( D ) Effect of CBX4 silencing on PDO viability assessed by ATP Lite assay after 72 h. The star symbol indicates statistical significance (**: p ≤ 0.01).

Article Snippet: Human TissueScan Colon Cancer Tissue qPCR Panel IV (HCRT304), containing first-strand cDNA from 48 samples covering 8-normal, 5-Stage I, 8-IIA, 1-II, 1-IIIA, 6-IIIB, 3-IIIC, 6-III, and 10-IV patients, was purchased from Origene (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Ex Vivo, Derivative Assay, Knockdown, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: The Study of Chromobox Protein Homolog 4 in 3D Organoid Models of Colon Cancer as a Potential Predictive Marker

doi: 10.3390/ijms26157385

Figure Lengend Snippet: Role of CBX4 silencing in CRC organoids ( A , B ). Representative images of our target molecules through immunofluorescence analysis. Localization of NFkB in tumor ex vivo PDOs before (CNT) and after siCBX4. Maximal projection images of PDO incubated NFkB (green signal) and cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue signal). Scale bar: 10 µm. ( C ) Real time qPCR analysis of NF-κB, c-myc, TNF-α, and IL-1 in tumor ex vivo PDOs before (CTR) and after CBX4 silencing. Results were normalized to RPS18 mRNA and analyzed by 2 −ΔΔCt method. The star symbol indicates statistical significance (*: p ≤ 0.05, **: p ≤ 0.01).

Article Snippet: Human TissueScan Colon Cancer Tissue qPCR Panel IV (HCRT304), containing first-strand cDNA from 48 samples covering 8-normal, 5-Stage I, 8-IIA, 1-II, 1-IIIA, 6-IIIB, 3-IIIC, 6-III, and 10-IV patients, was purchased from Origene (Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Ex Vivo, Incubation, Staining

Journal: Anti-Cancer Drugs

Article Title: Transcriptional regulation of CYR61 and CTGF by LM98: a synthetic YAP-TEAD inhibitor that targets in-vitro vasculogenic mimicry in glioblastoma cells

doi: 10.1097/CAD.0000000000001627

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression profiles of YAP1, TEAD1 , AXL , CTGF , CYR61 , and NF2 in four human glioblastoma cell lines, and in cDNA tissue arrays. Total RNA was extracted from four different human glioblastoma cell lines (U87, U118, U251, and U138). The gene expression level for YAP1 , TEAD1 , AXL , CTGF , CYR61 , and NF2 was analyzed and compared by real-time quantitative PCR. (a) Primer validation and single amplicon products were confirmed using agarose gel electrophoresis for the U87 cell line. (b) The gene expression levels of the six selected genes were analyzed and quantified by quantitative PCR as described in the Methods section. Triplicates from a representative quantification, out of three independent experiments, are shown. (c) Cancer tissues (red boxes) and normal tissues (gray boxes) cDNA arrays covering 43 clinical samples of the pooled four stages of pathologist-verified brain cancer tissues as well as normal tissues were screened to assess TEAD1 , YAP1 , CYR61 , and CTGF gene expression levels by quantitative PCR. * P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: TissueScan cancer and normal tissue cDNA arrays were purchased from OriGene (Rockville, Maryland, USA), covering 43 clinical samples of the four stages of brain cancer as well as normal tissues, and were used to assess TEAD1 , YAP1 , CYR61 , and CTGF gene expression levels according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques: Expressing, Gene Expression, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Biomarker Discovery, Amplification, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis